P-479: Autoimmunity in pediatric type 1 diabetes: prevalence and clinical profile
B Salih, D Meriem, B Ikram, B ImaneAbstract
Introduction
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder resulting from a complex interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental triggers
Objectives
To assess the prevalence and describe the clinical spectrum of autoimmune disorders occurring in children with type 1 diabetes.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective descriptive study including 255 pediatric patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and followed at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Tlemcen
Results
Autoimmune comorbidities in children with type 1 diabetes showed a marked female predominance, with a sex ratio of 2.4. Overall, 13% of patients (n = 34) presented at least one associated autoimmune disease. Autoimmune thyroid disorders were the most common (7.4%), followed by celiac disease (5.4%). Less frequent conditions, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, dermatomyositis, and Addison’s disease, were identified in 1.1% of cases. The coexistence of two autoimmune conditions, mainly celiac disease and autoimmune thyroid disease, was observed in 1.1% of the cohort
Conclusions
The coexistence of type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune diseases in children is not uncommon and highlights the need for individualized clinical management. Systematic early screening and a multidisciplinary approach should be implemented from the time of diagnosis to improve patient outcomes