P-364: The influence of maternal type i diabetes mellitus on the pathomorphological characteristics of the fetal thymus
L KupriianovaAbstract
Introduction
It is well known that maternal type I diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to the development of diabetic embryopathy and fetopathy, the primary manifestations of which are impaired maturation and functional development of the fetal internal organs.
Objectives
To identify the pathomorphological structural characteristics of the fetal thymus from mothers with type I DM.
Methods
Organometric, histological, immunohistochemical, and statistical.
Research material
The thymus of fetuses at 36–38 weeks of gestation from mothers with type I DM (main group), compared with the thymic structure of fetuses from healthy mothers (control group).
Results
Organometric indicators of the fetal organs in the main group were significantly decreased compared to those in the control group. The histological structure of the thymus in fetuses from mothers with type I DM corresponded to the control group when the mother’s disease was compensated; it was classified as hyperplastic in fetuses from mothers with mild type I DM; and it corresponded to hypoplastic in fetuses from mothers with severe disease. The immunohistochemical method demonstrated disruption of the connective tissue structure, as well as altered levels of endothelin-producing activity and hormonal activity in the thymuses of fetuses from mothers with type I DM.
Conclusions
Vascular and endocrine disorders in the pregnant woman’s body, which are characteristic of type I DM, lead to gross structural disruptions in the fetal thymus architecture and may serve as a leading link in the development of polyendocrinopathy in subsequent ontogenesis.