P-108: Carotid intima–media thickness is not associated with short-term glycaemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Introduction

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at increased risk of early cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, but its relationship with glycaemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the pediatric population remains unclear.

Objectives

To assess the association between CGM-derived glycaemic metrics and cIMT in children and adolescents with T1D.

Methods

The study included 59 children and adolescents with confirmed T1D (30 girls; mean age 13.1 ± 3.4 years, T1D duration 4.9 ± 3.5 years, mean HbA1c 7.3 ± 1.3%) treated at a tertiary center in Poland, between May 2023 and November 2025.

This retrospective observational study analyzed medical records including anthropometric measurements, laboratory parameters, and cIMT (expressed as sex- and age-adjusted z-scores, and values above the 75th percentile were considered abnormal) assessed bilaterally by ultrasound by two operators. Glycaemic control was assessed using CGM data from 28- and 90-day periods, including time in range (TIR 70–180, %), time in tight range (TITR 70-140, %), and coefficient of variation (CV, %).

Results

Seventeen patients (28.8%) had abnormal cIMT values (>75th percentile for sex and age). cIMT did not differ significantly in groups subdivided by sex and pubertal status. cIMT z-scores were not significantly associated with TIR%, TITR% or CV%, in either the 28- or 90-day CGM periods (all p > 0.05). Similarly, no associations were observed between cIMT z-scores and most recent Hba1c, blood pressure, LDL-C, BMI z-score, or lipid parameters.

Conclusions

In the studied children and adolescents with T1D, cIMT was not associated with short-term glycaemic control assessed by CGM metrics.