DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.186240.1 ISSN: 2046-1402

Oxidative Stress Modulation and Organ Protection by Mondia whitei: Phytochemistry, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential

Onesmus Keizire, Abass Alao Safiriyu, Emmanuel Orire Ikuomola, Ekementeabasi Aniebo Umoh
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Mondia whitei (Hook.f.) Skeels is an indigenous African medicinal plant widely utilized in traditional medicine for the management of reproductive disorders, gastrointestinal ailments, inflammation, and general health promotion. Increasing scientific evidence suggests that its therapeutic benefits are closely linked to its antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. This review examines the phytochemical composition, mechanisms of oxidative stress modulation, and organ-protective potential of M. whitei. The plant contains diverse bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and essential minerals, which contribute to its strong free-radical scavenging activity. Experimental studies indicate that M. whitei enhances endogenous antioxidant defenses by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase while reducing lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species generation. These mechanisms help preserve cellular integrity and mitigate oxidative damage in various tissues. Evidence from animal and in vitro studies further demonstrates protective effects on reproductive, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, and neural systems through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and membrane-stabilizing actions. The plant’s ability to modulate oxidative stress pathways suggests significant therapeutic potential in the prevention and management of oxidative stress-related disorders. Despite promising preclinical findings, clinical investigations remain limited, necessitating further studies to establish efficacy, safety, dosage standardization, and molecular targets. Overall, Mondia whitei represents a valuable source of natural antioxidants with considerable potential for organ protection and the development of novel phytotherapeutic interventions.

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