Oral Squamous Cell Cancer Early Detection Using Salivary Biomarkers
Mounika Yeladandi, Nada Mohamed Ahmed Suliman, Jyoti Goyal Rastogi, Sasmita Behera, Syed Fareed Mohsin, Nazargi Mahabob, Muzammil Moin Ahmed, Sheetal Mujoo, Prashant BabajiAbstract
Introduction:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a very frequently occurring cancer type. A salivary biomarker-based noninvasive diagnostic technique helps as promising method in the early detection of cancer. This research was done to assess salivary biomarkers’ diagnostic value for early OSCC identification.
Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty people participated in a hospital-based case–control study, 60 of whom were OSCC patients with histological confirmation and 60 of whom were healthy controls. Biomarkers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), CD44, soluble CD44, CYFRA 21-1, and lactate dehydrogenase were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on unstimulated saliva samples. SPSS version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic ability and make intergroup comparisons.
Results:
When compared to controls, all salivary biomarkers were considerably higher in OSCC patients (
Conclusion:
Salivary biomarkers have greater assurance for noninvasively and accurately identifying OSCC at a very early stage. The use of multiple biomarkers together can lead to better diagnosis and could help in early screening and achieve good clinical results.