Optimization of Human–Machine Interface Layout for Mechanical Support Position of Manned Submersibles Based on a Task-Information Network Approach

The human–machine interface (HMI) of the mechanical support (MS) position (MS-HMIs) of manned submersibles features multiple screens, information-rich displays, and complex operational logic, which can reduce operator efficiency, increase cognitive load, and lead to human errors. The layout determines the perception of information density, complexity, and logic, making the optimization of the HMI layout highly significant. To address this issue, a layout optimization approach is proposed based on a task-information network integrating multi-objective optimization. First, the basic MS-HMI elements are decomposed, and Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) is used to construct task sequences and element usage sequences. The Space-P and Space-L methods are applied to build the task–information network, based on which element grouping and importance are determined through network topology analysis. Incorporating ergonomic layout principles, a multi-objective optimization model is formulated and solved using the NSGA-II algorithm to generate feasible optimized layouts. Experimental verification results demonstrate that the optimized interfaces significantly outperform the original design in terms of operational performance, eye-tracking metrics, and subjective evaluations. Operation duration and task completion time decreased by over 6%, average saccade speed was reduced by up to 17.1%, and subjective ratings improved substantially. By integrating complex network analysis, typical submersible task sequences, and ergonomic principles, this study presents a systematic, evidence-based, effective, and task-compliant method for optimizing HMI layouts.