DOI: 10.4103/ijors.ijors_9_26 ISSN: 2773-1367

Open Repair Versus Arthroscopic Repair of Tibial Posterior Cruciate Ligament Avulsion Fractures: A Prospective Comparative Study

Avijit Sahoo, Sourav Ghosh, Sunny Kumar Mallick, Sunit Hazra, Sanjay Kumar, Sumanta Pal, Mainak Chandra, Debayan Sinha Roy

Abstract

Background:

Tibial avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) require anatomical reduction and stable fixation to restore knee stability. Both open posterior approaches and arthroscopic techniques are widely used, but comparative evidence regarding union time, union rate and functional recovery between these two techniques remains limited.

Objectives:

This study aimed to compare union rate, time to union, knee stability, functional outcomes and complications between open repair and arthroscopic repair of tibial PCL avulsion fractures.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary care government hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, including 36 patients (18 open repair and 18 arthroscopic repair) with acute displaced PCL tibial avulsion fractures between September 2024 and February 2026. Functional outcomes were assessed using Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee scores at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. Statistical significance was set at a P value of <0.05.

Results:

Union rate was 100% in both groups. The mean union time was significantly shorter in the arthroscopic repair group (12.33 ± 2.54 weeks) than in the open repair group (14.78 ± 3.25 weeks; P = 0.017). Early functional scores favoured arthroscopy, while 1-year outcomes were comparable. Postoperative complications were observed more frequently in the open repair group (33.3%) compared with the arthroscopic repair group (11.1%); however, the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.109).

Conclusion:

Both techniques yield excellent outcomes. Arthroscopic repair provides earlier union and faster functional recovery, with comparable long-term results.

More from our Archive