Oleogels Based on a Vegetable Oil Blend Structured by a Binary Beeswax–Monoglyceride System
Indira Temirova, Vural Gökmen, Svetlana Kamanova, Aidyn Igenbayev, Daulet Aitmukhambetov, Sayagul Tazhina, Alexsandr Borovskiy, Dina Khamitova, Kadyrzhan Makangali, Gulnazym OspankulovaThe aim of this study was to produce oleogels based on a vegetable oil blend (high-oleic sunflower, safflower, and linseed oils at a ratio of 60:30:10, respectively) structured with a binary beeswax–monoglyceride system (1:1), as well as to examine the effect of the total structuring agent concentration (3, 6, 9 and 12% (w/w)) on the textural, oil-binding, microstructural, thermal, and rheological characteristics of the resulting oleogels, in order to determine the rational total concentration of the binary structuring agent system. The structuring capacity of the binary system was concentration-dependent: at 6 and 9% (w/w), the hardness of the oleogels exceeded the values of the corresponding single-component systems, whereas at 12% (w/w), no further increase in hardness was observed compared with the monoglyceride oleogel. Increasing the concentration altered crystal morphology: at 6 and 9% (w/w) a more uniform, finely dispersed structure was formed, whereas at 12% (w/w), crystal coarsening and elongation were noted. Overall, a total concentration of 6% (w/w) was considered rational, providing the required balance of characteristics at a relatively low structuring agent content. The resulting oleogel may be regarded as a potential fat base for further research on the development of spreads.