Network Analysis of Characteristics of Parent–Child and Peer Attachment in Left‐Behind Children
Ting Xu, Zhaoxia Li, Yi Zhao, Baoming Li, Zhong YangABSTRACT
Objective
The present study explored the relationship between parent–child attachment and peer attachment among LBC and NLBC aged 12–17, as well as the potential influencing factors.
Background
With accelerating urbanization, left‐behind children (LBC) face increasing challenges in attachment. While prior studies consistently show lower levels of parent–child attachment security in LBC compared with non‐left‐behind children (NLBC), conclusions regarding their peer attachment and its relationship with parent–child attachment remain controversial.
Methods
This study employed a cross‐sectional design using questionnaire surveys administered to adolescents. Data were collected in China in 2023 using convenience sampling from five middle schools in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. The final sample included 768 LBC (324 boys, M age = 14.07, SE = 1.29) and 808 matched NLBC (345 boys, M age = 14.11, SE = 1.30), all aged 12–17 years.
Results
Results revealed that: (1) LBC had significantly lower paternal, maternal, and peer attachment scores; (2) parent–child attachment predicted peer attachment, with maternal attachment mediating paternal influence; (3) parent–child alienation demonstrated bidirectional associations with peer attachment; (4) separation age and contact frequency significantly affected paternal attachment, while video communication enhanced attachment.
Conclusions
This study highlighted the crucial role of mothers and the potential of video communication in shaping LBCs' attachment, providing a new perspective on LBCs' attachment mechanisms.
Implications
The study explored the potential of video communication in strengthening parent–child attachment and suggested practical directions for intervention to enhance LBC's attachment security.