Navigating the Ethical Landscape of AI in Music Education

Abstract

The rapid emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) presents both opportunities and challenges for music education. Like earlier technological innovations, AI has provoked fears of diminished skills, loss of authenticity, and erosion of creativity. Yet history demonstrates that the impact of technology depends less on the tools themselves and more on how educators and institutions choose to implement them. This chapter examines the ethical dimensions of AI integration in K–12 and higher music education, offering guidance for responsible adoption that balances innovation with human-centered values. Nine areas of concern structure the discussion: (a) data privacy and security; (b) bias, equity, and fairness; (c) transparency and explainability; (d) academic integrity and authenticity; (e) intellectual property and copyright; (f) dependency and skill development; (g) the evolving role of the music educator; (h) accessibility, inclusion, and opportunity; and (i) student voice and agency. Across these dimensions, the chapter emphasizes the need for intentional design, inclusive practices, critical AI literacy, and ongoing professional development for educators. The goal is not to reject or uncritically embrace AI, but to navigate its complexities in ways that safeguard rights, promote equity, and preserve the integrity of musical practice.