Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Resilience in Agricultural Landscape Areas

Climate change is increasing pressures on water, soil, and biological resources in agricultural landscape areas, threatening the continuity of production and rural livelihoods. This chapter aims to examine nature-based solutions for enhancing climate resilience in agricultural landscape areas and to assess the ecological, spatial, economic, and governance conditions that influence their feasibility. The literature-based assessment addresses field boundary tree planting, agroforestry, vegetated buffer strips, cover crops, soil conservation, and rainwater retention practices. Their potential contributions to reducing erosion, maintaining soil health, improving water management, storing carbon, and supporting biodiversity are discussed. Feasibility is considered in relation to climate, topography, soil characteristics, and water access, as well as production systems, land tenure, costs, maintenance capacity, and stakeholder participation. The chapter presents an assessment framework that prioritizes selecting practices suited to local conditions, evaluating their potential interactions with agricultural production, and monitoring their outcomes.