National Governance and Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Theoretical Framework

Abstract

This study develops a comprehensive theoretical framework for the aim of investigating the role of national governance in the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with specific emphasis on the case of European nations. By combining voice and accountability, political stability, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law and control of corruption dimensions, the paper highlights how the systems of governance directly contribute to the attainment of multiple SDGs. Drawing on empirical research and global databases, including the World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators and the Global SDG Database, the study identifies main channels by which governance influences policy coherence, institutional quality, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive capacity. The study demonstrates that good governance empowers investment, education quality, climate action and social inclusion, thereby accelerating SDG achievement. This policy framework offers key recommendations for policymakers looking for evidence-based solutions to reinforce governance for sustainable development.