Nanotechnology Advancements in Breast Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations in Drug Delivery, Diagnostics, and Personalized Treatment Strategies

Abstract:

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Compared to its incidence, the cure rate remains relatively low. Various treatment methods, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, are available but often involve severe toxicity and limited curability. Recent research has shown that NDDS formulations can selectively target breast cancer cells without damaging surrounding tissues or organs. This comprehensive review provides details on nanocarriers and their loaded delivery systems as effective strategies for breast cancer treatment. Anti-neoplastic agents and phytoconstituents are often combined and formulated into nanocarrier systems to enhance solubility, increase half-life and biodistribution, and reduce adverse effects and immunogenicity. This review highlights the necessity and advantages of nanocarriers and their formulations as potential next-generation tools for safe, preventive, and maximally effective breast cancer therapy. Additionally, it provides an updated synthesis of nanocarrier-based approaches, focusing on recent clinical and preclinical innovations in drug delivery, diagnostics, and personalized medicine.