Musculoskeletal health and mental well-being of occupational two-wheeler delivery drivers from Mumbai metropolitan region

Considering the surge of urban gig drivers, 111 two-wheeler delivery riders (ages 18–40) in Panvel, MMR were assessed using NMQ and GHQ-12. High (87.3%) prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders primarily in the lower back (68%), significantly correlating with age ( P <0.0086) and weight carried ( P <0.0001) were observed. Additionally, 42.3% reported psychological distress (GHQ-12≥3), significantly associated with weight carried ( P =0.0329), distance travelled ( P =0.041), work hours ( P =0.006) and the number of body parts affected by musculoskeletal disorders ( P =0.0007). In conclusion, this occupational group faces a high risk of early-onset musculoskeletal disorders and long-term disability. Consequently, stakeholders must establish regulatory guidelines for this emerging sector.