Moringa oleifera: A Comprehensive Review of its Multipurpose Potential

Moringa oleifera, widely known as the Drumstick tree or Sohanjana, is recognized for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. This fast-growing tree adapts well to tropical and subtropical climates and thrives even in poor soils, though it is sensitive to waterlogging. Moringa is highly valued for its edible fruits, leaves, flowers, and seeds, which are rich in vitamins, minerals, and proteins, making it beneficial for both human and livestock diets. Its multiple therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects, make it valuable for treating conditions like malnutrition, diabetes, anemia, and more. Additionally, its crude protein content of 21—26% (on dry matter basis), makes it a highly nutritious fodder source and a suitable option for live fencing. The present review explores the diverse aspects related to growth habit, cultivation practices, nutritional & medicinal properties and utilization of this species and provides insights for future research in unexplored areas.