More than a Nanoparticle: Bicontinuous Metal Nanostructures as a Versatile Platform for Plasmonics and Catalysis

ABSTRACT

Bicontinuous metal nanostructures that are 3D, interconnected networks of metal ligaments and pores, have emerged as a versatile platform that transcends the capabilities of discrete nanoparticles. Herein, we review recent advances in their synthesis, physiochemcial properties, and applications in plasmonics and catalysis. We begin with an introduction to the unique structural characteristics of bicontinuous metals and the advantages they confer. Key synthetic strategies, including dealloying, galvanic replacement, templated synthesis, and oriented attachment, are then examined, highlighting how processing parameters govern the resulting morphology and composition. Through comparative case studies, we analyze their performance in plasmonics and catalysis, demonstrating how the interconnected architecture underpins multifunctionality. We conclude by identifying emerging applications and future directions, positioning these materials at the forefront of next‐generation plasmonics and catalysis.