Modulation of Spatial Coherence and Circular Dichroism of Atoms Based on Hybrid Poincaré Beams
Guoan Cai, Zhaoying WangABSTRACT
The manipulation mechanisms of the hybrid Poincaré beam (HPB) on the spatial coherence and circular dichroism of a polarized atomic ensemble are investigated. The inherent spatial polarization distribution of the HPB can establish position‐dependent and selective interaction channels with different Zeeman sublevels of atoms. By applying an external static magnetic field, the dynamic modulation of atomic spatial coherence and circular dichroism based on different magnetic field orientations can be analyzed. To characterize this process, this article innovatively employs the Stokes parameters distribution and polarization ellipse parameters of the transmitted light spot as direct observational methods. The evolution trajectory of the polarization state is directly mapped onto the Poincaré sphere, enabling a visual representation of the optical field's polarization state. This method intuitively reveals the continuous evolution of atomic polarization characteristics under different orientation magnetic fields, thereby transforming the microscopic quantum control process into macroscopic and clear polarization transmission images.