Modulation of Charge Density Waves in a Twirling Moiré Superlattice

Abstract

Twisted moiré superlattices provide a powerful platform for engineering correlated electronic states, yet continuous nanoscale manipulation of collective orders remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the modulation of charge density wave (CDW) states in a twisted twirling moiré superlattice formed by monolayer VTe2 on superconducting NbSe2. Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy reveals that the intrinsic long-range CDW of monolayer VTe2 is reconstructed into inequivalent local phases with distinct stability and coherence within a single moiré unit cell, including suppressed CDW order and enhanced short-range CDW correlations persisting to room temperature. First-principles calculations attribute the reconstructed CDW landscape to strong local strain variation, with compressive strain significantly stabilizing the charge order. The reconstructed CDW further exhibits an anticorrelated modulation with proximity-induced superconductivity. Our results establish twirling moiré superlattices as a versatile platform for nanoscale manipulation of correlated electronic orders in low-dimensional quantum materials.