Modelling of Natural Fiber Composite Using RVE Model: Fiber Lumen, Hollow Configuration, Fiber Diameter, and Interface Modulus

ABSTRACT

The homogenization of natural fiber composites through a representative volume element (RVE) approach enables accurate microscale simulations while maintaining computational efficiency. In this study, a unit cell model of PLA–OPEFB composite was constructed with variations in fiber diameter, interfacial elastic modulus, fiber lumen, and fiber hollows to evaluate their influence on mechanical performance. Finite element simulations were conducted in ANSYS Workbench, focusing on total deformation, equivalent stress, and equivalent strain as key parameters. Results indicate that smaller fiber diameters and weaker interfaces increase stress concentration and reduce overall stiffness. The presence of a lumen and hollows in the fiber increases the stress. The numerical outcomes, validated against previously reported experimental data, confirm the reliability of the RVE method in predicting composite behavior. This work highlights the potential of RVE modeling as a predictive tool for designing sustainable, natural fiber–based composite materials, offering cost‐efficient development without the need for physical prototypes.