Microclimate and Biosecurity - Key Elements in the Intensive Rearing of Broilers

Abstract

The study evaluates the role of microclimate control and biosecurity measures in the intensive rearing of broilers under small-farm conditions. A descriptive case study was conducted in a 400 m² production hall populated with approximately 8,000 broiler chicks, mainly Ross 308 and Plymouth Rock Barred hybrids, reared on a slatted floor system during the first 3-4 weeks of life. The assessment included the construction characteristics of the hall, ventilation, temperature, relative humidity, lighting, stocking procedure, manure removal and sanitation measures. The calculated initial stocking density was 20 chicks/m², while the recommended operational microclimate targets were 30-33 °C at chick placement, 50-70% relative humidity, approximately 21% oxygen concentration and 8-10 lux light intensity during the first month. The slatted system reduced direct contact between chicks and manure, facilitated manure evacuation, improved hygiene and shortened the preparation time between production cycles. The results confirm that microclimate stability and strict biosecurity are essential for maintaining chick welfare, limiting disease risk and improving the efficiency of broiler management in small intensive farms.