Method of treating temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with dentofacial abnormalities

Currently, dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with dentoalveolar abnormalities is detected quite often, which is associated with a wide range of etiological factors of the external and internal environment. At the same time, insufficient information is determined on the optimization of therapeutic and preventive measures of pathological processes of the TMJ, which determines the relevance of the studies aimed at solving these problems. Objective. Improving the effectiveness of rehabilitation for temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with dentoalveolar anomalies by application of developed method of therapy. Material and methods. The study was conducted using the developed method of treatment (application for invention No. 2024134335 from November 18, 2024) in 119 patients in the age group of 18–50 years. The studies were carried out in the dental clinic of the Clinic of the Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University and the dental clinic “Denteks” (Yakutsk). At the beginning, based on the MRI results, an individual plastic splint made of EV material was made (Gasket, USA) on the lower jaw, where the working part of the apparatus is presented in the form of occlusive overlays in the lateral areas with a supporting retaining beam on the vestibular side, then TENS therapy was performed with deprogramming electrodes for the muscles of the shoulder girdle and neck using the myomonitor apparatus “J5” (Mya Company otronics, USA). Conclusion. Application of individual plastic splint with vestibular beam and occlusive pads in lateral parts of mandible with carrying out TENS-therapy (transcutaneous electroneurostimulation) according to proposed method increases clinical efficiency of carried out medical-preventive and rehabilitation measures with prevention of further complications of dentoalveolar anomalies and diseases of TMJ. This, in turn, determines the prospects of its practical use in clinical dentistry, in particular, in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome in dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint in patients with dentoalveolar abnormalities.