Mechanism Study on Explosion Energy Distribution Under One‐Dimensional Constraint Based on Multiphysical Field Synchronous Measurement

ABSTRACT

In underground rock mass excavation and deep blasting engineering, accurately identifying the propagation and distribution laws of explosion energy in rocks is a key issue for improving blasting efficiency and establishing dynamic constitutive models. Based on the theory of one‐dimensional stress wave propagation, this paper designs and constructs a one‐dimensional explosion loading experimental system with controllable constraint conditions and multiphysical field measurement capabilities, realizing quantitative analysis of explosion energy transfer behaviour. The system adopts a layered charge structure and a strong–weak dual‐mode constraint cavity design, combined with high‐speed photography, infrared thermal imaging, overpressure sensing and dynamic strain measurement to achieve synchronous observation of stress waves, gas expansion, temperature fields and pressure fields. The experiment uses red sandstone cylindrical specimens (Φ50 × 400 mm) as the experimental objects, loading with 0.5‐g DDNP (Dinitrodiazophenol) charge. Data from each measurement module confirm each other, forming a complete energy transmission chain, indicating that the experimental system cannot only achieve controllable loading of one‐dimensional explosion loads but also characterize the energy distribution characteristics of explosions from multiple angles such as mechanics, thermology and aerodynamics. The loading system and analysis method proposed in this study provide reliable experimental support for the research on the rock response mechanism under complex explosion loads and also provide a theoretical basis for constructing dynamic rock constitutive relations and optimizing blasting design strategies.