Mechanical vapor compression and renewable energy source integration into desalination process LIFE-Desirows case example

This paper shows the adequacy of the parameters for correct modelling of a mechanical vapor compression desalination plant, explores the influences of parameters considering an energy efficiency vision of the model, indicating which components affect the most to its final performance and energy consumption. The present work also offers the preliminary results extracted from a real experimental facility powered by RES. The case study, in Cartagena, Spain, as part of the LIFE-Desirows project, aims to address brine disposal, salt crystallization, nitrate elimination, water resource recovery, and carbon neutrality. After providing an overview of the current state of desalination, the focus shifts to brine removal technologies, with a specific emphasis on mechanical vapor compression. The technical aspects of coupling such technologies for enhanced energy efficiency in desalination processes are discussed, along with associated challenges and limitations, as well as the inputs and outputs considered for the analysis. The paper reinforces the importance of improving energy efficiency in thermal desalination processes with its results, fostering a discussion on potential avenues for further research and development in concentrate valorization, as well as its positive effects on the environment and economy.