Lymphedema and Alzheimer’s Disease: Connecting Through the “Peripheral–Central Lymphatic System”

The connection between the peripheral lymphatic system (PLS) and the central lymphatic system (CLS) plays a crucial role for the overall circulatory system. Notably, there are several similarities between lymphedema and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Accumulating evidence suggests that lymphedema might be associated with AD, potentially influencing its progression through mechanisms related to the peripheral–central lymphatic circulation. This review summarizes the lymphatic system’s structure, function, and drainage pathways, emphasizing how aging and blockage of the CLS can exacerbate the progression of AD. Additionally, we discuss the relationship between lymphedema and AD, highlighting the significance of the PLS–CLS and exploring lymphaticovenous anastomosis as a promising treatment for both lymphedema and AD.