Lower eyelid schwannoma mimicking chalazion in an adolescent

Abstract:

To highlight a rare case of eyelid schwannoma in a teenager, clinically mimicking a common chalazion, and confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. A 15-year-old boy presented with a slowly enlarging, painless right lower eyelid nodule. Initially diagnosed as a chalazion or sebaceous cyst, the lesion was surgically excised. Histopathological examination revealed interwoven fascicles of spindle cells with Antoni A and B patterns and Verocay bodies. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong S-100 protein positivity, confirming the diagnosis of schwannoma. Eyelid schwannomas are extremely rare and often mimic benign lesions such as chalazia. An accurate diagnosis requires histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations. This case underscores the importance of considering nerve sheath tumors in the differential diagnosis of persistent eyelid swelling.