Longitudinal Exploration of Productivity and Well-being in Hybrid Work Through Ecological Momentary Assessment and Environmental Sensing
Mirmahdi Seyedrezaei, Burcin Becerik-Gerber, Shawn C. Roll, Gale Lucas, Shrikanth NarayananObjective:
To explore how hybrid workspaces (home vs. office) affect productivity and well-being, and whether indoor environmental quality (IEQ) mediates these associations.
Methods:
Nineteen office workers were followed for four months, contributing 4,559 ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) of productivity, mood, stress, and eustress-distress appraisal. Continuous IEQ monitoring captured CO₂, TVOCs, PM₂.₅, temperature, humidity, and noise. Mixed-effects and multilevel mediation models assessed within-person associations.
Results:
Office work was associated with higher productivity and greater eustress-distress coexistence, while home work was associated with higher boredom. Mood differences were small, and stress was modestly lower at home. Home workspaces showed poorer air quality. CO₂ and TVOCs were indirectly associated with mood and stress differences.
Conclusions:
Hybrid work outcomes differ by location and are partly explained by IEQ, suggesting residential air quality as an occupational health intervention target.