Landscape of Noncoding RNA in the Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment

Amidst the prevalent and notable characteristic of a hypoxic microenvironment present in the majority of solid tumors, a burgeoning number of studies have revealed the significance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in hypoxic tumor regions. The transcriptome of cancers is highly heterogeneous, with noncoding transcripts playing crucial roles. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are two distinctive classes of ncRNA that are garnering increasing attention. Biologically, they possess intriguing properties and possess significant regulatory functions. Clinically, they present as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Additionally, recent research has evaluated the clinical applications of these ncRNAs in RNA-based treatments and noninvasive liquid biopsies. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent studies on lncRNAs and circRNAs within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, the clinical significance of lncRNAs and circRNAs in cancer diagnosis and treatment is emphasized, which could pave the way for the development of effective targeted therapies.