Lacrimal gland tumors and simulating lesions: A clinic-pathological and clinic-radiological case series

Lacrimal gland tumors are uncommon orbital lesions that comprise a diverse spectrum of benign and malignant lacrimal gland tumors, as well as non-neoplastic conditions that can clinically simulate true glandular tumors. Accurate diagnosis requires careful clinicopathological correlation due to overlapping clinical and radiological features. We present a clinicopathological and radiological case series of three patients with masses in the lacrimal gland region, underscoring diagnostic challenges, clinical features, and multispecialty management. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examination, radiological imaging and subsequent surgical excision. Histopathological findings demonstrated diverse etiologies, including a Pleomorphic Adenoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and an orbital cyst. This case series underscores the importance of integrating clinical presentation, imaging, and histopathology to differentiate benign, malignant, and simulating lesions of the lacrimal gland. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical management are essential to optimize functional, cosmetic, and oncological outcomes.