Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding psychological wellbeing among people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study at an antiretroviral therapy plus center in India

ABSTRACT

Mental health is an under-recognized aspect of HIV care. The psychological wellbeing among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is often neglected in routine antiretroviral therapy (ART) services, especially in resource-limited settings. The study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) related to psychological wellbeing among PLHIV attending an ART Plus Centre in India and identified service delivery gaps. This cross-sectional study included 301 adult PLHIV attending an ART Plus Centre. A prevalidated, structured questionnaire was administered via in-person interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to assess trends in knowledge, attitude, and practices. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The mean age of participants was 35.5 years; 50.5% were male and 49.2% female. While 98.7% were on ART, only 61.8% were aware that HIV can affect mental health. Just 22.4% expressed willingness to access psychological support services if made available. Approximately 51.2% had received some form of psychological counseling, but only 3.3% participated in formal support groups. A significant proportion (41.5%) reported having no one to confide in during emotional distress. Only 34.6% engaged in any coping practices like meditation or prayer. Despite high ART adherence, substantial gaps persist in awareness, attitudes, and utilization of mental health services among PLHIV. Integration of mental health screening, counseling, and psychosocial support into routine HIV care is essential for comprehensive management.