Khadi as a Capability-enhancing Livelihood: Improving Ease of Living Among Rural Women

Traditional development metrics like gross domestic product inadequately reflect social well-being and quality of life, increasing the relevance of multidimensional indicators such as ease of living. This study adopted a qualitative approach to examine khadi-based livelihoods as a capability-enhancing pathway for improving rural women’s ease of living. The study was grounded in Amartya Sen’s capability approach, feminist economics and the sustainable livelihood framework. Based on observations, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, thematic analysis was conducted. It revealed that women who were engaged in khadi weaving experienced financial autonomy, work–life balance and enhanced decision-making abilities. Based on the findings, the study developed a conceptual model positioning khadi as a capability-enhancing livelihood and also suggested a policy tool framework, emphasising technological upgradation, the financial inclusion, institutional reforms and market linkages. It concluded that process reforms in the khadi sector can transform traditional livelihoods into inclusive, dignified and sustainable employment systems.