Kashmiri Folk Theatre: A Study in Technique

This study examines the technical aspects, historical context, dramatic elements, performance styles, and potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in preserving and promoting Kashmiri folk theater. Originating from the region’s mythology, folklore, and Sufi traditions, Kashmiri folk theater represents a distinctive form of entertainment and social commentary. Among its various forms, Bhand Pather is particularly notable for its improvisation, humor, and symbolic storytelling that convey local realities alongside universal truths (Bharti, 2020). Traditionally performed in open spaces such as town squares and temple courtyards, these performances foster community engagement and celebration. Beyond entertainment, Kashmiri folk theater historically served to educate audiences on morality, social justice, and spirituality. However, contemporary challenges–including urbanization, globalization, digital media proliferation, and sociopolitical unrest–have contributed to its decline, threatening the livelihood of traditional artists (Noor, 2019; Shafi, 2018). This paper analyzes the unique characteristics of Kashmiri folk theater, evaluates technical performance aspects, and explores innovative methods for its preservation and revival.