Ionic Liquid‐Functionalized Nanocatalysts: Recent Advances in Diverse Organic Synthesis

ABSTRACT

The development of efficient, recyclable, and environmentally responsible catalytic systems is central to advancing sustainable organic synthesis. In this context, ionic liquid (IL)‐functionalized nanocatalysts have attracted considerable attention by combining the versatile and tunable nature of ILs with the high surface area, structural integrity, and recoverability of nanocatalysts. Such hybrid catalysts can provide improved activity and selectivity, diminished metal or catalyst leaching, and enhanced recyclability compared with conventional homogeneous systems. This review presents recent advances in the design and application of nanocatalyst‐supported IL catalysts for sustainable organic transformations. Their catalytic performance and versatility are examined across multicomponent and coupling reactions, redox transformations, CO ₂ conversion and utilization, and the synthesis of structurally diverse and pharmaceutically relevant heterocycles, including hydroxycoumarins, dihydropyridines, fused pyrimidines, fused and spiro N‐heterocycles, and O/S‐fused frameworks. Remaining challenges involving catalyst stability, recyclability, scale‐up, and industrial translation are also discussed, together with emerging strategies for improving the efficiency and practical utility of these catalytic systems.