Investigating Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Analysis
Kajal R Makwana, Mayuri ShahBackground:
Dermatoglyphics is the study of epidermal ridge patterns on fingers and palms, which are genetically determined and remain unchanged throughout life. Since type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a strong genetic component and increasing prevalence, dermatoglyphic analysis may provide useful insight into developmental and hereditary influences associated with the disease.
Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative dermatoglyphic variations in individuals with T2DM and compare them with nondiabetic controls.
Materials and Methods:
The present case–control study included 150 participants, comprising 75 clinically diagnosed T2DM patients (50 males, 25 females) and 75 nondiabetic controls (50 males, 25 females). Dermatoglyphic patterns were recorded using the standard ink method. Qualitative parameters (arches, loops, and whorls) and quantitative parameters including total finger ridge count (TFRC), a–b ridge count, and ATD angle were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and independent Student’s
Results:
A statistically significant difference in fingertip pattern distribution was observed between the diabetic and control groups (
Conclusion:
The study demonstrates significant qualitative and quantitative dermatoglyphic differences in individuals with T2DM. These findings suggest that dermatoglyphic analysis may serve as a simple, noninvasive adjunct tool for identifying individuals at increased risk of T2DM.