Interstitial lung disease in pregnancy

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises a heterogeneous group of chronic pulmonary disorders. ILD is associated with impaired gas exchange and progressive respiratory dysfunction. Due to improved survival and delayed childbearing, healthcare providers increasingly encounter pregnancy in women with ILD, but the evidence on management remains limited. Pregnancy in ILD poses a high risk and necessitates early preconception evaluation, risk stratification and a multidisciplinary management approach. This review aims to summarise current knowledge regarding diagnostic evaluation, treatment strategies, obstetric management and maternal–fetal outcomes in women with ILD. Understanding these aspects is essential for optimising care for women with ILD who are planning to conceive or are already pregnant.