Interferon-Gamma and IL-28 Genes Polymorphism in Patients with Brain Tumors Infected with Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1
Ataa Khalil Al-Shamari, Shakir H. Mohammed Al-AlwanyAbstract
Background:
The
Objectives:
This study was aimed to determine the percentage of HTLV-I in brain tumor specimens that range from autopsies from adults to patients suffering from brain tumors by molecular techniques such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and estimating the genetic polymorphism of interferon-gamma (INF-γ) and interleukin 28 (IL-28) genes polymorphism in patients with brain tumors and control groups.
Materials and Methods:
Case–control research has been carried out on 100 specimens of brain tissues recruited from the Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Medical City. The studied tissues of brain tumors obtained from patients were related to those aged 2–83 years. The collected autopsies from the non-brain tumors control cases aged 16–71 years were obtained from dead cases for non-neurological causes, which have shown normal brain histology. The specimens were collected during the period from January 2022 to September 2022. Each participant provided tissue samples, which were then stored frozen at –80°C for RNA extraction and used in qRT-PCR and conventional PCR tests to detect the
Results:
The mean age in patients with a brain tumor was 50.7 whereas in the control group it was 44.6; also, we found the infection in men more than women in percentages of 55% for men and 45% for women. The rate of HTLV-I infection according to the qRT-PCR was 42% (21 out of 50), whereas the negative result was 58% (29 out of 50). There are significant statistical differences (
Conclusion:
The positive HTLV-1 RNA–RT-PCR results lead to the idea that HTLV-1 works as a cofactor in patients with brain tumors. Moreover, these data indicate the association of IFN‐γ with the risk of brain tumors by the role of the C allele of IFN‐γ C/A polymorphism, which increases the chance of developing cancer, whereas IL-28A gene polymorphism might be non-associated with patients with brain tumors.