DOI: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20261405.14 ISSN: 2330-0248

Interdisciplinary Approach to Safety-Ergonomic Parameters of Tractors During Agro-technical Operations

Petrovic Predrag, Spajic Branko, Stjelja Zivko
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In Serbia, there is a large number of tractors in operation with a considerable age structure, without a cab or a protective frame. These facts contribute to a significant increase in the number of accidents with injured and fatal persons during exploitation and transport, primarily due to the lack of evident subjective: safety, ergonomic, comfort, and other parameters. Tractors, due to their construction and traction characteristics (high geometric and mass center of gravity, large dynamic wheel radii, large clearance, high engine power, large transmission load variations, agro-technical operations on variable configurations, with falls and ascents, etc.), are very unstable working machines despite relatively low movement speeds. In order to influence the reduction of the number of accidents, ergonomics investigates the "man-machine-environment" relationship, which studies anatomical, physiological, medical, social, legal and other areas that contribute to the reduction of accidents and occupational diseases, while increasing efficiency, reliability, safety, etc. Special attention should be paid to the balance of forces within the analysis of the required static and dynamic stability of the tractor when moving up and down the sloping surface of the working terrain, especially tractors without a cab or a protective frame. In addition to the general state of tractor safety, this paper presents a draft of a short analysis of tractor exploitation when performing work operations on ups and downs in agro-technical and transport conditions, as one of the main reasons for accidents with injured and fatal persons. Also, the basic ergonomic-ecological parameters that are necessary to achieve the necessary, safety, ecological, medical, social, legal and other parameters are presented.

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