DOI: 10.1039/d6ea00084c ISSN: 2634-3606
Inter-annual trends of PM 2.5 -bound heavy metals in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a comparative study for source apportionment and health risk assessment
Azharul Alam Atik, Md Moshiur Rahman, Abdul Kader Mohiuddin, Farhana Khanam Ferdousi, Shizhen Zhao, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Gan Zhang, Ahsan HabibElevated-altitude sampling in Dhaka shows PM 2.5 -bound heavy metals far exceeding global guidelines; PMF identifies six emission sources, and Cr, Pb, Cd, and Mn drive non-cancer and cancer risks across all age groups.