Integrating “Xiang–Hou Mutual Referencing” for Precision Pattern Differentiation in Sepsis

This commentary discusses the application of “Xiang–Hou mutual referencing” to precision syndrome differentiation in sepsis. By integrating tongue appearance, facial complexion, and pulse features with underlying pathological patterns, this framework may help characterize the dynamic transformation process of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes. Standardized four-diagnostic instruments and multimodal models could further bridge traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation with modern critical care phenotyping, may contribute to future precision management strategies pending validation.