Integrated Strategies for Mining Waste Valorization to Improve Resource Efficiency

Abstract

Mining regions undergoing economic transition face significant challenges related to the management of waste generated by extractive activities. In the Jiu Valley, waste rock dumps associated with coal mining represent substantial accumulations of residual materials that may cause environmental impacts but can also be considered valuable secondary resources. The Vulcan area represents a relevant case study for assessing the potential reuse of mining waste within the context of resource efficiency improvement. This paper proposes an integrated strategy for the valorization of mining waste from the existing dumps in the Vulcan area, aiming to transform these materials from waste into useful resources. Mining waste, predominantly composed of sedimentary rocks associated with coal seams, can be processed through sorting, crushing, and granulometric classification in order to be used in infrastructure works, embankments, or for stabilizing land affected by mining activities. The implementation of this strategy contributes to reducing the volume of deposited materials and decreasing the demand for natural aggregates extracted from other sources. At the same time, the valorization of mining waste can support the economic regeneration of mining regions in the Jiu Valley by promoting efficient resource use and the application of circular economy principles within the extractive sector.