Insights into Practical Techniques for Enhancing Shelf Life of Probiotics

Sharma, A., Kala, A. and Chaudhary, L.C. 2025. Insights into practical techniques for enhancing shelf life of probiotics. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 25: 419–437. Probiotics are beneficial live microorganisms which exert positive effects by enhancing gut microbial balance, strengthening immune defence and modulating host immunity. However, their efficacy is often hindered by challenges in maintaining their viability through gastrointestinal transit and storage. Microencapsulation and lyophilization are highlighted as key techniques for improving the stability, targeted delivery and shelf life of probiotics. Studies show that microencapsulation helps in protecting probiotics from harsh digestive conditions, while lyophilization enhances their storage longevity without compromising potency. In vivo research confirms that probiotics, particularly in encapsulated or lyophilized forms, significantly improve animal health, nutrient absorption, immune function and overall productivity. These findings emphasize the importance of optimizing delivery methods to maximize the health benefits of probiotics in animal nutrition.