Information Security in Banking and Finance: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Knowledge Structure, Methodological Approaches, and Emerging Themes

The digital transformation of banking and finance intensifies exposure to cyber threats and the need to understand how scientific knowledge on Information Security is evolving in this sector. This study systematically and bibliometrically analyzes the current state of research on Information Security applied to Banking and Finance. A systematic literature review, complemented by systematic mapping and bibliometric analysis, was conducted following PRISMA. Searches of EBSCOhost, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and ARDI, last conducted on 1 August 2025, identified 19,389 records; after applying the exclusion criteria and quality assessment, 62 studies published between 2019 and 2025 were retained. The results show that Java and Python are the most frequently reported programming languages in the analyzed solutions. Scientific production is concentrated in Q1 and Q2 journals, although quartile rankings do not correspond linearly to citation intensity. The thematic analysis identifies Banking Security as the only Motor theme and Service Logistics as a Basic theme, whereas AI Finance and Banking Cybersecurity occupy Marginal positions despite their greater citation visibility. These findings reveal a thematic structure in which cohesive traditional security concepts coexist with AI-related research exhibiting comparatively lower structural connectivity and cohesion. These findings highlight the strategic role of Information Security in supporting FinTech governance, risk management, and digital financial services.