Influence of the age factor on the athletic performance of 13–15-year-old short-track speed skaters based on correlation analysis

The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of the age factor on the correlations between different performance scores in the physical fitness of short-track speed skaters aged 13–15 years. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of literary sources, correlation analysis, pedagogical experiment, and methods of mathematical statistics. Research results and conclusions. The study established that in athletes aged 13–14 years, achieving relatively low scores in laboratory and field tests was closely correlated with parameters of general physical performance in the Dobrovolsky test, the time to complete two laps of the distance, and anaerobic endurance in a 45-second cycle ergometer test. As performance in specialized activities improved in short-track skaters aged 14–15, the focus of strong correlations shifted toward more specific exercises (imitation board, "Pendulum," a one-and-a-half lap run from a standing start, and cycle ergometer tests assessing speed-strength abilities and maximal alactic power). The obtained results directly modeled key elements of competitive activity and skating technique efficiency (starting acceleration, acceleration, posture coordination, and specific leg work). These findings allow us to conclude that it is advisable to include cycle ergometer tests in combination with field tests in the comprehensive set of control and pedagogical assessments in short-track speed skating.