Influence of Solvothermal Processing on the Structural and Physical Properties of Cd _0.7 Fe _2.3 O ₄

Cadmium ferrites are of considerable interest because of their potential scientific and technological applications. In this work, Cd _0.7 Fe _2.3 O ₄ was synthesized by a solvothermal method and systematically characterized using structural, morphological, spectroscopic, optical, and electrical techniques. X‐ray diffraction combined with Rietveld refinement confirms the formation of a single‐phase cubic spinel structure with the Fdm space group. Scanning electron microscopy reveals spherical and relatively uniform particles, while energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy confirms the presence of the constituent elements and the chemical purity of the sample. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provides evidence of cation distribution between tetrahedral and octahedral sites and confirms the characteristic metal–oxygen bonding. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy further reveals the surface chemical composition and oxidation states of the constituent elements. UV–visible spectroscopy demonstrates strong absorption in the ultraviolet and visible regions. Impedance spectroscopy was employed to investigate the electrical and dielectric properties over a broad frequency and temperature range. The conductivity exhibits thermally activated behavior and is interpreted using the nonoverlapping small polaron tunneling and overlapping large polaron tunneling models. Moreover, the frequency dependence of Z ″ indicates a relaxation process, while Nyquist plots reveal non‐Debye relaxation behavior, highlighting the complex electrical response of Cd _0.7 Fe _2.3 O ₄ .