Influence of Pharmacogenomic Variants on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Exploratory Association Study
Ipseeta Ray Mohanty, Shouvik Ganguly, Sandeep RaiAbstract
Background:
Inter-individual variability in glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may partly be explained by pharmacogenomic differences affecting antidiabetic drug response. This study investigated the association of pharmacogenomic variants with glycemic control and their potential role in personalized diabetes management.
Methodology:
Thirty-two pharmacogenomically relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in metformin transport, insulin secretion, glucose metabolism, drug metabolism, and therapeutic response were analyzed using microarray-derived genotype data following standard quality control procedures. Associations between individual SNPs and glycemic control status were evaluated using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiple testing was addressed using the Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction.
Results:
None of the evaluated variants remained statistically significant after FDR correction (FDR > 0.05). However, several SNPs demonstrated suggestive associations with glycemic control. The strongest risk association was observed for FTO rs9939609 (OR = 1.586, 95% CI: 0.936–2.688,
Conclusion:
Although no pharmacogenomic variant achieved statistical significance after correction for multiple testing, several biologically plausible variants demonstrated suggestive associations with glycemic outcomes. These findings support further validation in larger cohorts and highlight the potential contribution of pharmacogenomics to precision medicine and individualized antidiabetic therapy in T2DM.