Influence of Cluster Formation Factors on the Diffusion and Adoption of Eco‐Innovations: A Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

ABSTRACT

This study aims to identify which cluster formation factors influence the diffusion and adoption of eco‐innovations and how these processes have been addressed in literature. Through a literature review and bibliometric analysis of 128 studies, we identify key factors associated with clusters that affect the uptake of eco‐innovations in production processes. Recurring elements include cluster capacity, governance and coordination structures, regional and organizational culture, level of cooperation, competitive pressure, policies and regulation, demand dynamics, economic and environmental outcomes, access to new markets, and cluster development. The results indicate that literature remains theoretically fragmented, although several conceptual perspectives emphasize the role of relational, institutional, and territorial factors in shaping eco‐innovation processes. The study proposes an integrative conceptual framework that synthesizes the main cluster‐related factors identified in literature. Our findings contribute to the systematization of theoretical perspectives and cluster formation factors, offering insights for scholars and policymakers aiming to foster sustainable innovation in clusters.