Incidence and Predictors of Fetal Adverse Outcomes Among Cesarean Deliveries: A Retrospective Cohort Study in South Ethiopia Using Poisson Regression
Getahun Dendir Welda, Eskinder Wolka, Atitegeb Alebachew Amsalu, Alemu Urmale, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Tsegaye Demke Gebremedhin, Ashagrie Sintayhu, Kirubel Eshetu HaileIntroduction
Cesarean section (C/S) may be associated with adverse fetal outcomes. Evidence on intraoperative predictors remains limited. This study assessed the incidence and predictors of adverse fetal outcomes in South Ethiopia.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study reviewed records of 662 fetuses delivered by C/S. Data were analyzed using STATA. Poisson regression identified predictors of composite adverse fetal outcomes.
Results
The incidence was 17.9 per 100 births (95% CI: 14.9–20.9). Predictors included emergency C/S (ARR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.16–2.57), maternal age >35 (ARR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.24–5.98), anesthesia type (ARR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.27–2.63), preterm birth (ARR=4.3, 95% CI: 1.73–10.63), MAP at 10 minutes (ARR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.48–3.9), incision to-delivery time >5 minutes (ARR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.15–2.01), and induction-to-delivery time >8 minutes (ARR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.44–2.72).
Conclusion
Adverse fetal outcomes were high, warranting improved ANC and reduced intraoperative delays.