In Vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Lidocaine Alone and in Combination With Hypertonic Dextrose on Chondrocyte Cell Viability
G.B.V. Pereira, F.A.C. Menegassi, J.L.R. De Faria, Z.J.B. Menegassi, A.D.S. Cavalcanti, R.J.F.C. Do AmaralObjective:
To evaluate whether hypertonic dextrose is capable of increasing chondrocyte cell viability and reduce the chondrotoxic effects of lidocaine.
Methods:
SW1353 cell lines were cultured, incubated and then treated with the following solutions: 50% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), used as a positive control; lidocaine at concentrations of 5 mM, 10 mM, and 20 mM; hypertonic dextrose at concentrations of 150 mM and 250 mM; and combinations of these drugs at different concentrations; the culture medium was used as a negative control. Cell viability was assessed using the AlamarBlue™ assay, with fluorescence reading in microplates, and expressed as a percentage relative to the control. Three independent experiments were performed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test, adopting p < 0.05.
Results:
Cell viability was assessed after 24 hours and compared to a negative control. Lidocaine reduced viability in a dose-dependent manner, with a significant effect at concentrations of 10 mM(p = 0.041) and 20 mM (p = 0.001). Hypertonic dextrose at 150 mM (p = 0.028) significantly increased cell viability, while 250 mM (p > 0.999) showed no significant effect. The combination of lidocaine and dextrose resulted in greater cell viability compared to lidocaine alone, especially with 150 mM dextrose. This effect was statistically significant mainly in the combinations with lidocaine at 10 mM and 20 mM, indicating a protective effect of dextrose.
Conclusion:
The study demonstrated that lidocaine exhibits dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Furthermore, it showed that hypertonic dextrose can increase cell viability and reduce the deleterious effects of lidocaine.