DOI: 10.11648/j.ajset.20261104.12 ISSN: 2578-8353

In Silico Analysis of Nucleotide Diversity of Fish Species in the Daya River

Amar Sahoo, Ram Panda, Nirmal Biswal
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The current study was designed to assess the nucleotide diversity and genetic structure of selected fish species in the Daya River using an in-silico approach. Genetic diversity is an important measure of population stability, adaptability, and survival, especially in freshwater habitats that are now under increasing human impacts. The nucleotide sequences of the most frequently documented fish species were obtained from the GenBank database, with a primary emphasis on mitochondrial gene segments. Following quality analysis and multiple sequence alignment, major genetic diversity measures such as nucleotide diversity (π), haplotype diversity (Hd), number of segregating sites (S), and average nucleotide differences were calculated using bioinformatics software packages such as DnaSP and MEGA. Neutrality tests, such as Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs, were conducted to reconstruct the demographic history of the species. Phylogenetic trees and haplotype networks were also generated to examine the genetic relationships and differentiation of the lineages among the species. The data showed that the species had different levels of nucleotide diversity, where some species had moderate to high genetic diversity, while others had lower genetic diversity, which could be a result of habitat fragmentation and population reduction. The results emphasize the significance of molecular analysis in the identification of genetically susceptible populations and form a scientific basis for conservation and sustainable fishing resource management in the Daya River. The current research proves the efficiency of computational genetic analysis as a cost-effective alternative to Ichthyogenetics in fresh water fish genetic diversity of Daya River.

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