Impact of Job Dissatisfaction on Turnover Behavior among Estheticians: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Turnover Intention

Purpose: This study aims to examine how job dissatisfaction influences turnover behavior among estheticians working in franchise skin care salons, with turnover intention serving as the mediating variable. Methods: A survey was conducted in September 2025 among estheticians employed at 78 franchise skin care salons, yielding 320 valid questionnaires for analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 19.0, including frequency analysis, reliability and validity analysis, and structural equation modeling. Model fit was evaluated using the following fit indices: root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), root mean square residual (RMR), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), normed fit index (NFI), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), and comparative fit Index (CFI). The Sobel test was used to assess the mediating effect of turnover intention. Reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s α) ranged from 0.740 to 0.759. Results: The Sobel test results indicated that turnover intention significantly mediated the relationship between job dissatisfaction factors and turnover behavior. Significant mediation was observed for wages (Z=2.307, <i>p</i><0.05), working hours (Z=1.997, <i>p</i><0.05), work environment (Z=2.019, <i>p</i><0.05), coworker relationships (Z=2.507, <i>p</i><0.05), and supervisor relationships (Z=2.649, <i>p</i><0.01). Conclusion: Reducing job dissatisfaction among estheticians requires effective communication systems and institutional improvements.