Impact of Agronomic Practices and Socioeconomic Factors on Coffee Yield in the Monzón Valley, Peru

Coffee cultivation offers benefits such as biodiversity conservation, economic sustenance for farmers, and health advantages. This quantitative, microsociological, and applied study, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and explanatory level, aimed to evaluate the impact of agronomic practices and socioeconomic factors on coffee yields among farmers in the Monzón Valley (Huánuco, Peru). Using the hypothetico-deductive method, logit and probit regression models were employed, employing an ordered probabilistic model with multiple responses. Data were collected through simple random sampling, surveying 152 producers. The probit model proved most suitable for explaining yield levels, classified as low (<0.60 Tn/ha/year), medium (0.61–1.00), and high (1.01–2.20). The most influential indicators were biological and cultural control, crop age, organic farming practices, altitude, cultivation of more than one variety, seed selection, monetary income, and farmer experience. The study concludes that the probit model adequately explains the relationship between the agronomic and socioeconomic variables that determine yield. The findings provide valuable evidence for the design of local agricultural policies and producer support programs. Furthermore, the study explicitly contributes to the advancement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), by identifying factors that link sustainable coffee productivity with the socioeconomic well-being of farming communities.